还在用 Win？教你从零把 Mac 打造成开发利器
本文作者：guoweiye，腾讯 PCG 开发工程师
很多人都说 Mac 比 Windows 更适合做开发，那关键是要把 Mac 配置好，下面就来和大家分享一下如何从零开始把一台新 Mackbook 打造成开发利器。
一、基本设置
升级操作系统(macOS Mojave 10.14.3)
关闭菜单栏效果, 减少资源占用和产生的热量
系统偏好设置/辅助功能/显示, 勾选 (减弱动态效果、减少透明度)
配置睡眠保护
系统偏好设置/安全性与隐私/通用, 勾选(进入睡眠或开始保护程序
立即要求输入密码)
配置触发角
系统偏好设置/屏幕保护程序/触发角, 选择(右上桌面，左下启动台，右下启动屏幕保护)
二、工具安装
Xcode Command Line Tools
xcode-select --install
# 这里必须设置 代理地址，否则无法安装brew
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install
brew 安装常用工具
brew cask 安装常用工具
其他工具
快速查看工具 Nicer plugins for QuickLook
brew cask install qlcolorcode qlstephen qlmarkdown quicklook-json qlimagesize webpquicklook suspicious-package quicklookase qlvideo
微软的字体 Consolas
wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yakumioto/YaHei-Consolas-Hybrid-1.12/master/install.sh && sudo install.shszrz插件
graphviz 所用语言 dot 验证
dot -h
三、其他配置
设置 iterm2
iterm2 > preference > profiles > colors > Color Presets > solarized dark
2.安装 zsh，oh-my-zsh
# 安装 zsh 及 补全
brew install zsh zsh-completions
# 安装 oh-my-zsh
curl -L https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh | sh
# 编辑 /etc/shells
sudo vim /etc/shells
# 添加 zsh
/usr/local/bin/zsh
# 修改默认shell
sudo chsh -s /usr/local/bin/zsh
# 将环境变量移到~/.env.sh
vim ~/.zshrc
# 设置主题
ZSH_THEME=pygmalion
# 设置插件
plugins=(git colored-man colorize github jira vagrant virtualenv pip python brew osx zsh-syntax-highlighting)
# ls 配色生效
unset LSCOLORS
export CLICOLOR=1
export CLICOLOR_FORCE=1
# 生效
source ~/.env.sh
3. solarized 主题配色
# clone 之
git clone https://github.com/altercation/solarized
# 配置 vim 主题
cd solarized/vim-colors-solarized/
mkdir -p ~/.vim/colors
cp colors/solarized.vim ~/.vim/colors/
# 配置 vim
vim ~/.vimrc
syntax on
set background=dark
colorscheme solarized
set backspace=2
Open the Command Palette ( ⇧⌘ P) and type 'shell command' to find the Shell Command: Install 'code' command in PATH command.
vscode 插件安装
Chinese language pack(中文语言包)
markdownlint(markdown格式检查器)
atom one dark theme(ATOM 风格主题)
one dark pro(主题)
material theme(主题)
vscode-icons(图标)
python(vscode python扩展包)
go(go 扩展包)
6. vscode shell 选择，zsh
首选项/设置, 搜索 terminal.integrated.shell.osx ，设置值为 /usr/local/bin/zsh
vscode python 解释器选择
⇧⌘P, 搜索 select interpreter ，选择一个 env-3.6.8
vscode python lint 安装，选择 pylint 即可
"python.formatting.provider": "black"
python 开发工具
四、 python 环境
pyenv 安装
# 安装 pyenv 参考, http://einverne.github.io/post/2017/04/pyenv.html
curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash
# 添加环境变量
vim ~/.zshrc
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eval "¨E 45 E ) "e v a l "(pyenv init -)"
eval "</span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.08125em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"></annotation encoding="application><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">(<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E45<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E)"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">v<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: 1.75;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l"(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
# 常用命令
# 查看可用版本
pyenv install -l
# 安装 python2 最新版本
pyenv install 2.7.16
# 安装报错 ERROR: The Python zlib extension was not compiled. Missing the zlib? https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/wiki/common-build-problems
brew install readline xz
# When running Mojave or higher (10.14+) you will also need to install the additional SDK headers by downloading them from Apple Developers. You can also check under /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/ as some versions of Mac OS will have the pkg locally.
sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /
# 安装 python3 最新版本 3.7.2
# 报错 ERROR: The Python ssl extension was not compiled. Missing the OpenSSL lib?
# https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1184#issuecomment-409320318
CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-openssl=$(brew --prefix openssl)" pyenv install 3.7.2
# 安装 python 3.6 ，tf 支持的最新版本
pyenv install 3.6.8
# 安装 python2 最新版 2.7.16
pyenv install 2.7.16
# 创建虚拟环境
pyenv virtualenv 3.6.4 env-3.6.4
# 激活虚拟环境
pyenv activate env-3.6.4
# 退出虚拟环境
pyenv deactivate
</span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true">创建 pip 配置文件
# 创建 pip 配置目录
mkdir ~/.pip
# 编辑配置
vim ~/.pip/.pip.conf
# 添加以下内容
[list]
format=columns
[global]
download_cache = ~/.cache/pip
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
五、数据库安装
数据库安装
通过 brew service 管理此类后台任务
brew tap homebrew/services
brew services start mysql
brew services restart mysql
brew services list
brew services cleanup
# 通过界面管理后台服务
brew cask install launchrocket
六、参考
主要参考