React Router原理

// 内部的抽象实现
function createHistory(options={}) {
  ...
  return {
    listenBefore, // 内部的hook机制，可以在location发生变化前执行某些行为，AOP的实现
    listen, // location发生改变时触发回调
    transitionTo, // 执行location的改变
    push, // 改变location
    replace,
    go,
    goBack,
    goForward,
    createKey, // 创建location的key，用于唯一标示该location，是随机生成的
    createPath,
    createHref,
    createLocation, // 创建location
  }
}

function createLocation() {
  return {
    pathname, // url的基本路径
    search, // 查询字段
    hash, // url中的hash值
    state, // url对应的state字段
    action, // 分为 push、replace、pop三种
    key // 生成方法为: Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, length)
  }
}

// 伪代码

// createBrowserHistory(HTML5)中的前进实现
function finishTransition(location) {
  ...
  const historyState = { key };
  ...
  if (location.action === 'PUSH') ) {
    window.history.pushState(historyState, null, path);
  } else {
    window.history.replaceState(historyState, null, path)
  }
}
// createHashHistory的内部实现
function finishTransition(location) {
  ...
  if (location.action === 'PUSH') ) {
    window.location.hash = path;
  } else {
    window.location.replace(
    window.location.pathname + window.location.search + '#' + path
  );
  }
}
// createMemoryHistory的内部实现
entries = [];
function finishTransition(location) {
  ...
  switch (location.action) {
    case 'PUSH':
      entries.push(location);
      break;
    case 'REPLACE':
      entries[current] = location;
      break;
}

// 伪代码

// createBrowserHistory(HTML5)中的后退检测
function startPopStateListener({ transitionTo }) {
  function popStateListener(event) {
    ...
    transitionTo( getCurrentLocation(event.state) );
  }
  addEventListener(window, 'popstate', popStateListener);
  ...
}
 
// createHashHistory的后退检测
function startPopStateListener({ transitionTo }) {
  function hashChangeListener(event) {
    ...
    transitionTo( getCurrentLocation(event.state) );
  }
  addEventListener(window, 'hashchange', hashChangeListener);
  ...
}
// createMemoryHistory的内部实现
function go(n) {
  if (n) {
    ...
    current += n;
  const currentLocation = getCurrentLocation();
  // change action to POP
  history.transitionTo({ ...currentLocation, action: POP });
  }
}

// createBrowserHistory/createHashHistory中state的存储
function saveState(key, state) {
  ...
  window.sessionStorage.setItem(createKey(key), JSON.stringify(state));
}
function readState(key) {
  ...
  json = window.sessionStorage.getItem(createKey(key));
  return JSON.parse(json);
}
// createMemoryHistory仅仅在内存中，所以操作比较简单
const storage = createStateStorage(entries); // storage = {entry.key: entry.state}
 
function saveState(key, state) {
  storage[key] = state
}
function readState(key) {
  return storage[key]
}

//保存　路由state(router state)
function saveState(key, state) {
  ...
  window.sessionStorage.setItem(createKey(key), JSON.stringify(state));
}
//读取路由state
function readState(key) {
  ...
  json = window.sessionStorage.getItem(createKey(key));
  return JSON.parse(json);
}

{route: '/about'} ///假设此时的location为'/about'

const About = React.createClass({/*...*/}) //About 组件
const Inbox = React.createClass({/*...*/}) //Inbox 组件
const Home = React.createClass({/*...*/}) //Home组件
 render() {
    let Child
    switch (this.state.route) {
      case '/about': Child = About; break;
      case '/inbox': Child = Inbox; break;
      default:      Child = Home;
    }

    return (
      <div>
        <h1>App</h1>
        <ul>
          <li><a href="#/about">About</a></li>
          <li><a href="#/inbox">Inbox</a></li>
        </ul>
        <Child/>
      </div>
    )
  }
})

React.render(<App />, document.body)

nextState = {
  location, // 当前的 location 对象
  routes, // 与 location 对象匹配的 Route 树的子集，是一个数组
  params, // 传入的 param，即 URL 中的参数
  components, // routes 中每个元素对应的组件，同样是数组
};