在RHEL和CentOS上检查或列出已安装的安全更新的两种方法

我们过去曾写过两篇关于这个主题的文章，每篇文章都是根据不同的要求发表的。如果你想在开始之前浏览这些文章。请通过以下链接：

• 如何检查 RHEL 和 CentOS 上的可用安全更新？
• 在 RHEL 和 CentOS 上安装安全更新的四种方法？

这些文章与其他文章相互关联，因此，在深入研究之前，最好先阅读这些文章。

在本文中，我们将向你展示如何检查已安装的安全更新。我会介绍两种方法，你可以选择最适合你的。

此外，我还添加了一个小的 shell 脚本，它为你提供已安装的安全包计数。

运行以下命令获取系统上已安装的安全更新的列表。

# yum updateinfo list security installed
 
Loaded plugins:changelog,package_upload,product-id,search-disabled-repos,
 :subscription-manager,verify,versionlock
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. ModemManager-glib-1.1.0-8.git20130913.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x86_64
RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64

要计算已安装的安全包的数量，请运行以下命令：

# yum updateinfo list security installed| wc -l
1046

仅打印安装包列表：

# yum updateinfo list security all| grep -w "i"
 
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. ModemManager-glib-1.1.0-8.git20130913.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-adsl-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-bluetooth-1:1.8.0-9.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2015:2315 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.0.6-27.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2016:2581 Low/Sec. NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.4.0-12.el7.x86_64
i RHSA-2017:2299 Moderate/Sec. NetworkManager-config-server-1:1.8.0-9.el7.noarch

要计算已安装的安全包的数量，请运行以下命令：

# yum updateinfo list security all| grep -w "i" | wc -l
1043

或者，你可以检查指定包修复的漏洞列表。

在此例中，我们将检查 “openssh” 包中已修复的漏洞列表：

#rpm-q--changelog openssh| grep -i CVE
 
- Fix for CVE-2017-15906 (#1517226)
-CVE-2015-8325:privilege escalation via user's PAM environment and UseLogin=yes (#1329191)
- CVE-2016-1908: possible fallback from untrusted to trusted X11 forwarding (#1298741)
- CVE-2016-3115: missing sanitisation of input for X11 forwarding (#1317819)
- prevents CVE-2016-0777 and CVE-2016-0778
- Security fixes released with openssh-6.9 (CVE-2015-5352) (#1247864)
- only query each keyboard-interactive device once (CVE-2015-5600) (#1245971)
- add new option GSSAPIEnablek5users and disable using ~/.k5users by default CVE-2014-9278
- prevent a server from skipping SSHFP lookup - CVE-2014-2653 (#1081338)
- change default value of MaxStartups - CVE-2010-5107 (#908707)
- CVE-2010-4755
- merged cve-2007_3102 to audit patch
- fixed audit log injection problem (CVE-2007-3102)
- CVE-2006-5794 - properly detect failed key verify in monitor (#214641)
- CVE-2006-4924 - prevent DoS on deattack detector (#207957)
- CVE-2006-5051 - don't call cleanups from signal handler(#208459)
- use fork+exec instead of system in scp -CVE-2006-0225 (#168167)

同样，你可以通过运行以下命令来检查相应的包中是否修复了指定的漏洞：

#rpm-q--changelog openssh| grep -i CVE-2016-3115
 
-CVE-2016-3115:missing sanitisation of input for X11 forwarding(#1317819)

如何使用 Shell 脚本计算安装的安全包？

我添加了一个小的 shell 脚本，它可以帮助你计算已安装的安全包列表。

# vi /opt/scripts/security-check.sh
 
#!/bin/bash
echo "+-------------------------+"
echo "|Security Advisories Count|"
echo "+-------------------------+"
for i in Important Moderate Low
do
sec=$(yum updateinfo list security installed| grep$i| wc -l)
 echo "$i: $sec"
done |column-t
echo "+-------------------------+"

给 security-check.sh 文件执行权限。

$chmod +x security-check.sh

最后执行脚本统计。

#sh/opt/scripts/security-check.sh
 
+-------------------------+
|Security Advisories Count|
+-------------------------+
Important: 480
Moderate: 410
Low: 111
+-------------------------+