golang net/url包使用

1.net/url简介

import "net/url"
url包解析URL并实现查询转义

• URL 结构体

// Note that the Path field is stored in decoded form: /%47%6f%2f becomes /Go/.
// A consequence is that it is impossible to tell which slashes in the Path were
// slashes in the raw URL and which were %2f. This distinction is rarely important,
// but when it is, code must not use Path directly.
// The Parse function sets both Path and RawPath in the URL it returns,
// and URL's String method uses RawPath if it is a valid encoding of Path,
// by calling the EscapedPath method.
type URL struct {
    Scheme     string
    Opaque     string    // encoded opaque data
    User       *Userinfo // username and password information
    Host       string    // host or host:port
    Path       string    // path (relative paths may omit leading slash)
    RawPath    string    // encoded path hint (see EscapedPath method)
    ForceQuery bool      // append a query ('?') even if RawQuery is empty
    RawQuery   string    // encoded query values, without '?'
    Fragment   string    // fragment for references, without '#'
}

• func Parse(rawurl string) (*URL, error)
  将原生的rawurl字符串解析成URL结构体

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/url"
)

func main() {
    u, err := url.Parse("http://www.baidu.com/search?q=dotnet")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    u.Scheme = "https"
    u.Host = "google.com"
    q := u.Query()
    q.Set("q", "golang")
    u.RawQuery = q.Encode()
    fmt.Println(u)
}