EnterpriseDB: 交互式命令行安装
栏目: 数据库 · PostgreSQL · 发布时间: 5年前
内容简介：EDB 主要包括以下特点:EDB 提供两类数据库可供下载:
EnterpriseDB ，简称EDB，是开源数据库PostgreSQL的企业版，在PostgreSQL基础上对企业级特性进行了增强，例如增加了企业级 工具 、高可用性增强等，同时高度兼容Oracle。
EDB 主要包括以下特点:
- EDB Advanced Server将PostgreSQL的所有特性与额外的企业级功能结合起来，以增强企业级应用的性能和安全性需求。
- EDB高级服务器特性提高了DBA和开发人员的工作效率。
- EDB Advanced Server 高度兼容 Oracle语法 ，包括PL/SQL、内置包和许多DBA工具，以加速和简化迁移。
下载EDB安装介质
EDB 提供两类数据库可供下载:
- OPTION A - EDB POSTGRES ADVANCED SERVER
- OPTION B - POSTGRESQL
我们选择 OPTION A 下载对应 Linux 平台安装介质，目前 Linux 平台交互式安装支持的最新版本为 10.5，RPM 安装支持 11.1 ，我们选择交互式安装方式。
https://www.enterprisedb.com/edb-postgres-advanced-server-10512-linux-x86-64
下载的介质为 edb-as10-server-10.5.12-1-linux-x64.run。
交互式安装EDB
EDB封装了安装脚本，安装过程非常简单，交互式安装EDB过程如下:
[root@pghost6 soft_bak]# ./edb-as10-server-10.5.12-1-linux-x64.run --mode text ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Welcome to the EDB Postgres Advanced Server Setup Wizard. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please read the following License Agreement. You must accept the terms of this agreement before continuing with the installation. Press [Enter] to continue: Limited Use Software License Agreement Version 2.9 IMPORTANT - READ CAREFULLY ...后面省略大量关于许可协议的描述，一路回车 Press [Enter] to continue: 是否同意许可协议，选择同意。 Do you accept this license? [y/n]: y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please specify the directory where EDB Postgres Advanced Server will be installed. 选择安装目录,即 PGHOME Installation Directory [/opt/edb/as10]: /opt/edb/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Select the components you want to install; clear the components you do not want to install. Click Next when you are ready to continue. 选择需要安装的组件 EDB Postgres Advanced Server [Y/n] :y pgAdmin 4 [Y/n] :n StackBuilder Plus [Y/n] :y Command Line Tools [Y/n] :y Is the selection above correct? [Y/n]: y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 选择数据目录和WAL日志目录，即 PGDATA Additional Directories Please select a directory under which to store your data. Data Directory [/opt/edb/data]: /opt/edb/data Please select a directory under which to store your Write-Ahead Logs. Write-Ahead Log (WAL) Directory [/opt/edb/data/pg_wal]: /opt/edb/data/pg_wal ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Advanced Server Dialect EDB Postgres Advanced Server can be configured in one of two "Dialects" - 1) Compatible with Oracle or 2) Compatible with Postgres. If you select Compatible with Oracle, Advanced Server will be configured with appropriate data type conversions, time and date formats, Oracle-styled operators, dictionary views and more. This makes it easier to migrate or write new applications that are more compatible with the Oracle database. If you select Compatible with Postgres, Advanced Server will be configured with standard PostgeSQL data types, time/date formats and operators. Advanced Server Dialect 选择兼容Oracle还是兼容PostgreSQL，我们选择兼容Oracle，关于Oracle兼容性本文末尾有详细说明。 [1] Compatible with Oracle [2] Compatible with Postgres Please choose an option [1] : 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please provide a password for the database superuser (enterprisedb). A locked Unix user account (enterprisedb) will be created if not present. 安装过程中会创建系统用户 enterprisedb，设置密码 Password : Retype Password : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Additional Configuration Please select the port number the server should listen on. 设置EDB端口 Port [5444]: 5444 Select the locale to be used by the new database cluster. Locale ...省略 [232] en_US [233] en_US.iso88591 [234] en_US.iso885915 [235] en_US.utf8 [236] en_ZA [237] en_ZA.iso88591 ...省略 设置字符集 Please choose an option [1] : 235 Would you like to install sample tables and procedures? Install sample tables and procedures. [Y/n]: y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dynatune Dynamic Tuning: Server Utilization Please select the type of server to determine the amount of system resources that may be utilized: 设置数据库环境类型 [1] Development (e.g. a developers laptop) [2] General Purpose (e.g. a web or application server) [3] Dedicated (a server running only Advanced Server) Please choose an option [2] : 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dynatune Dynamic Tuning: Workload Profile Please select the type of workload this server will be used for: 设置OLTP或OLAP [1] Transaction Processing (OLTP systems) [2] General Purpose (OLTP and reporting workloads) [3] Reporting (Complex queries or OLAP workloads) Please choose an option [1] : 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Update Notification Service Install Update Notification Service [Y/n]: n The Update Notification Service informs, downloads and installs whenever security patches and other updates are available for your EDB Postgres Advanced Server installation. EDB安装选项汇总 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pre Installation Summary The following settings will be used for the installation:: Installation Directory: /opt/edb Server Installation Directory: /opt/edb Data Directory: /opt/edb/data WAL Directory: /opt/edb/data/pg_wal Database Port: 5444 Database Superuser: enterprisedb Operating System Account: enterprisedb Database Service: edb-as-10 Command Line Tools Installation Directory: /opt/edb StackBuilderPlus Installation Directory: /opt/edb/stackbuilderplus Press [Enter] to continue: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Setup is now ready to begin installing EDB Postgres Advanced Server on your computer. Do you want to continue? [Y/n]: y 开始安装 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please wait while Setup installs EDB Postgres Advanced Server on your computer. Installing EDB Postgres Advanced Server 0% ______________ 50% ______________ 100% ######################################### ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Setup has finished installing EDB Postgres Advanced Server on your computer.
安装完成，安装文件如下
[root@pghost6 ~]# ll /opt/edb total 8124 drwxr-xr-x 2 root daemon 4096 Jan 15 10:34 bin drwx------ 21 enterprisedb enterprisedb 4096 Jan 15 10:35 data drwxr-xr-x 4 root daemon 38 Jan 15 10:34 doc -rw-r--r-- 1 root daemon 72341 Aug 17 14:09 edb-as10-server_commandlinetools_3rd_party_licenses.txt -r--r--r-- 1 root daemon 15216 Aug 17 14:09 edb-as10-server_license.txt drwxr-xr-x 3 root daemon 23 Jan 15 10:34 etc drwxr-xr-x 6 root daemon 4096 Jan 15 10:34 include -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 556 Jan 15 10:35 installation_summary.log drwxr-xr-x 5 root daemon 55 Jan 15 10:34 installer drwxr-xr-x 4 root daemon 8192 Jan 15 10:34 lib -rwxr-xr-x 1 root daemon 915 Jan 15 10:35 pgplus_env.sh drwxr-xr-x 5 root daemon 73 Jan 15 10:34 scripts drwxr-xr-x 10 root daemon 4096 Jan 15 10:34 share drwxr-xr-x 7 root daemon 136 Jan 15 10:34 stackbuilderplus -rwx------ 1 root daemon 8118363 Jan 15 10:35 uninstall-edb-as10-server -rw------- 1 root root 68383 Jan 15 10:35 uninstall-edb-as10-server.dat
目录的权限为root，权限需要调整(安装过程中默认创建了 enterprisedb 操作系统用户)
[root@pghost6 ~]# chown -R enterprisedb:enterprisedb /opt/edb
设置环境变量
安装完成后自动生成环境变量文件 /opt/edb/pgplus_env.sh
, 脚本内容如下:
# EnterpriseDB shell environment loader # # Instructions: # This file contains additions to the user environment # that make accessing EDB Postgres Advanced Server # executables easier. # # To load the environment for a single user: # cp pgplus_env.sh /home/<username> # chown <username> /home/<username>/pgplus_env.sh # vi /home/<username>/.bash_profile # At the bottom, add the line: # . /home/<username>/pgplus_env.sh # ( Note the '.' followed by a space ) # To load the environment for all users: # cp pgplus_env.sh /etc # vi /etc/profile # At the bottom, add the line: # . /etc/pgplus_env.sh # ( Note the '.' followed by a space ) # Environment export PATH=/opt/edb/bin:$PATH export EDBHOME=/opt/edb export PGDATA=/opt/edb/data export PGDATABASE=edb # export PGUSER=enterprisedb export PGPORT=5444 export PGLOCALEDIR=/opt/edb/share/locale
将整个文件内容或尾部的环境变量加到系统用户 enterprisedb 环境变量文件 .bash_profile
中，如下:
[root@pghost6 ~]# su - enterprisedb Last login: Tue Jan 15 11:00:16 CST 2019 on pts/1 -bash-4.2$ cp /opt/edb/pgplus_env.sh /opt/edb/.bash_profile
登录EDB验证
登录 EDB 数据库，如下:
-bash-4.2$ psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5444
Password:
psql.bin (10.5.12)
Type "help" for help.
edb=# \l
List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | ICU | Access privileges
-----------+--------------+----------+------------+------------+-----+-------------------------------
edb | enterprisedb | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | |
postgres | enterprisedb | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | |
template0 | enterprisedb | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | | =c/enterprisedb +
| | | | | | enterprisedb=CTc/enterprisedb
template1 | enterprisedb | UTF8 | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 | | =c/enterprisedb +
| | | | | | enterprisedb=CTc/enterprisedb
(4 rows)
edb=# SELECT version();
version
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EnterpriseDB 10.5.12 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18), 64-bit
(1 row)
EDB的启动与关闭
EDB 的启停有多种方式，这里主要介绍 pg_ctl
和 systemctl
方式。
pg_ctl 启停
pg_ctl
的启停兼容 PostgreSQL 的语法，不需要ROOT用户执行，关闭数据库如下:
-bash-4.2$ pg_ctl stop -m fast waiting for server to shut down.... done server stopped
启动数据库，如下:
-bash-4.2$ pg_ctl start waiting for server to start....2019-01-15 11:05:59 CST LOG: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5444 2019-01-15 11:05:59 CST LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5444 2019-01-15 11:05:59 CST LOG: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5444" 2019-01-15 11:05:59 CST LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process 2019-01-15 11:05:59 CST HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "log". done server started
systemctl 启停
如果是 CentOS7 或 RHEL7 以上操作系统，通过 systemctl
启动或关闭EDB，如下:
[root@pghost6 ~]# systemctl stop edb-as-10.service [root@pghost6 ~]# systemctl start edb-as-10.service
EDB与Oracle的兼容性
以下是EDB官网对Oracle兼容性的描述，支持大部分Oracle语法，如下:
Installing Advanced Server in Compatible with Oracle mode provides the following functionality:
- Data dictionary views and data type conversions compatible with Oracle databases.
- Date values displayed in a format compatible with Oracle syntax.
- Oracle-styled concatenation rules (if you concatenate a string value with a NULL value, the returned value is the value of the string).
- Schemas (dbo and sys) compatible with Oracle databases added to the SEARCH_PATH.
- Support for the following Oracle built-in packages:
| Package | Functionality Compatible with Oracle Databases |
|---|---|
| dbms_alert | Provides the ability to register for, send and receive alerts. |
| dbms_aq | Provides queueing functionality for Advanced Server. |
| dbms_aqadm | Provides supporting functionality for dbms_aq. |
| dbms_crypto | Provides a way to encrypt or decrypt RAW, BLOB or CLOB data. |
| dbms_job | Implements job-scheduling functionality. |
| dbms_lob | Provides the ability to manage large objects. |
| dbms_lock | Provides support for the DBMS_LOCK.SLEEP procedure. |
| dbms_mview | Provides a way to manage and refresh materialized views. |
| dbms_output | Provides the ability to display a message on the client. |
| dbms_pipe | Provides the ability to send a message from one session and read it in another session. |
| dbms_profiler | Collects and stores performance data about PL/pgSQL and SPL statements. |
| dbms_random | Provides a way to generate random numbers. |
| dbms_rls | Implements row level security. |
| dbms_scheduler | Provides a way to create and manage Oracle-style jobs. |
| dbms_session | A partial implementation that provides support for DBMS_SESSION.SET_ROLE. |
| dbms_sql | Implements use of Dynamic SQL |
| dbms_utility | Provides a collection of misc functions and procedures. |
| utl_encode | Provides a way to encode or decode data. |
| utl_file | Provides a way for a function, procedure or anonymous block to interact with files stored in the server’s file system. |
| utl_http | Provides a way to use HTTP or HTTPS to retrieve information found at a URL. |
| utl_mail | Provides a simplified interface for sending email and attachments. |
| utl_raw | Provides a way to manipulate or retrieve the length of raw data types. |
| utl_smtp | Implements smtp email functions. |
| utl_url | Provides a way to escape illegal and reserved characters in a URL. |
参考
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持 码农网
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